The phenomenon of a solar or lunar eclipse has been experienced by humanity since the dawn of time. While many people worldwide are quick to grab their special glasses or telescopes to witness this celestial spectacle, some cultures worldwide interpret these astronomical occurrences quite differently. They engage in unique practices, deep-rooted in traditions and beliefs dating back thousands of years.
One remarkable example takes place within the indigenous communities of North America. For countless generations, the Navajo people have operated under a belief system that regards these solar and lunar happenings as periods wherein the sun or moon is taking a brief respite. Rather than observing the event, traditional Navajo customs advise against looking at the eclipse entirely; instead, they engage in quiet contemplation and prayer. A similar approach can be found amongst the Alaskan Inuit, who see eclipses as a time to perform rituals and make noise to frighten away the ‘moon-eater’ or ‘sun-eater.’
In regions of Southeast Asia, especially in Hindu-influenced societies like India, Bali, and parts of the Philippines, an eclipse is considered a time when cosmological harmony is disrupted. The Hindu myth tells of the deity ‘Rahu,’ swallowing the sun, causing the eclipse. There is a strong belief that the event, both solar and lunar, brings about an undesirable shift in energy, resulting in ill health or bad luck. Therefore, people dramatically alter their behaviour during eclipses, partaking in a series of religious rites that include fasting, bathing before and after the eclipse, and offering special prayers.
On the opposite side of the globe, in West African countries like Togo and Benin, voodoo practitioners perceive the eclipse differently. They believe eclipses are demonstrations of divine power and a reminder that there are greater forces at work within the universe—forces beyond human control. Rather than fear eclipses, they respect these events, treating them as opportunities to conduct significant religious ceremonies and rituals to pay homage to their deities.
Over in South America, the ancient Incan civilization viewed solar eclipses with immense dread, interpreting them as a sign of divine displeasure. The Incas believed that during a solar eclipse, a mythical beast was attacking Inti, their beloved sun god. To protect him, they would yell, throw weapons, and make dogs bark and howl. Though the Incas are long gone, traces of these traditions can still be found among descendants and indigenous tribes.
Moving towards the Middle East, Islamic culture encourages a more balanced, prayerful response to solar and lunar eclipses. According to Hadith of Prophet Mohammed, he would pray and ask his followers to do the same until the end of the eclipse. This act of prayer during the eclipse is to seek Allah’s mercy and protection. Many Islamic societies today still observe this tradition.
These varied responses and practices toward eclipses highlight diverse cultural perceptions and demonstrate the depth of folkloric influence on community behaviours. As eclipses continue to occur, humanity’s collective interpretation of these celestial events serves as a fascinating testament to the breadth of human belief and cultural diversity.
